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.\" Automatically generated by Pod::Man 4.11 (Pod::Simple 3.35)
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.\" ========================================================================
.\"
.IX Title "Net::DNS::Nameserver 3"
.TH Net::DNS::Nameserver 3 "2024-02-15" "perl v5.26.3" "User Contributed Perl Documentation"
.\" For nroff, turn off justification.  Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents.
.if n .ad l
.nh
.SH "NAME"
Net::DNS::Nameserver \- DNS server class
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
.IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
.Vb 1
\&    use Net::DNS::Nameserver;
\&
\&    my $nameserver = Net::DNS::Nameserver\->new(
\&        LocalAddr       => [\*(Aq::1\*(Aq, \*(Aq127.0.0.1\*(Aq],
\&        LocalPort       => 15353,
\&        ZoneFile        => \*(Aqfilename\*(Aq
\&        );
\&
\&    my $nameserver = Net::DNS::Nameserver\->new(
\&        LocalAddr       => \*(Aq10.1.2.3\*(Aq,
\&        LocalPort       => 15353,
\&        ReplyHandler    => \e&reply_handler
\&    );
\&
\&    $nameserver\->start_server($timeout);
\&    $nameserver\->stop_server;
.Ve
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
Net::DNS::Nameserver offers a simple mechanism for instantiation of
customised \s-1DNS\s0 server objects intended to provide test responses to
queries emanating from a client resolver.
.PP
It is not, nor will it ever be, a general-purpose \s-1DNS\s0 nameserver
implementation.
.PP
See \*(L"\s-1EXAMPLES\*(R"\s0 below for further details.
.SH "METHODS"
.IX Header "METHODS"
.SS "new"
.IX Subsection "new"
.Vb 5
\&    $nameserver = Net::DNS::Nameserver\->new(
\&        LocalAddr       => [\*(Aq::1\*(Aq, \*(Aq127.0.0.1\*(Aq],
\&        LocalPort       => 15353,
\&        ZoneFile        => "filename"
\&        );
\&
\&    $nameserver = Net::DNS::Nameserver\->new(
\&        LocalAddr       => \*(Aq10.1.2.3\*(Aq,
\&        LocalPort       => 15353,
\&        ReplyHandler    => \e&reply_handler,
\&        Verbose         => 1,
\&        Truncate        => 0
\&    );
.Ve
.PP
Instantiates a Net::DNS::Nameserver object.
An exception is raised if the object could not be created.
.PP
Each instance is configured using the following optional arguments:
.PP
.Vb 10
\&    LocalAddr           IP address on which to listen   Defaults to loopback address
\&    LocalPort           Port on which to listen
\&    ZoneFile            Name of file containing RRs
\&                        accessed using the internal
\&                        reply\-handling subroutine
\&    ReplyHandler        Reference to customised
\&                        reply\-handling subroutine
\&    NotifyHandler       Reference to reply\-handling
\&                        subroutine for queries with
\&                        opcode NOTIFY (RFC1996)
\&    UpdateHandler       Reference to reply\-handling
\&                        subroutine for queries with
\&                        opcode UPDATE (RFC2136)
\&    Verbose             Report internal activity        Defaults to 0 (off)
\&    Truncate            Truncates UDP packets that
\&                        are too big for the reply       Defaults to 1 (on)
.Ve
.PP
The LocalAddr attribute may alternatively be specified as an array
of \s-1IP\s0 addresses to listen to.
.PP
The ReplyHandler subroutine is passed the query name, query class,
query type, peerhost, query record, and connection descriptor.
It must either return the response code and references to the answer,
authority, and additional sections of the response, or undef to leave
the query unanswered.  Common response codes are:
.PP
.Vb 6
\&    NOERROR     No error
\&    FORMERR     Format error
\&    SERVFAIL    Server failure
\&    NXDOMAIN    Non\-existent domain (name doesn\*(Aqt exist)
\&    NOTIMP      Not implemented
\&    REFUSED     Query refused
.Ve
.PP
For advanced usage it may also contain a headermask containing an
hashref with the settings for the \f(CW\*(C`aa\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`ra\*(C'\fR, and \f(CW\*(C`ad\*(C'\fR
header bits. The argument is of the form:
	{ad => 1, aa => 0, ra => 1}
.PP
\&\s-1EDNS\s0 options may be specified in a similar manner using the optionmask:
	{$optioncode => \f(CW$value\fR, \f(CW$optionname\fR => \f(CW$value\fR}
.PP
See \s-1RFC1035\s0 and \s-1IANA DNS\s0 parameters file for more information:
.PP
The nameserver will listen for both \s-1UDP\s0 and \s-1TCP\s0 connections.  On linux
and other Unix-like systems, unprivileged users are denied access to
ports below 1024.
.PP
\&\s-1UDP\s0 reply truncation functionality was introduced in Net::DNS 0.66.
The size limit is determined by the \s-1EDNS0\s0 size advertised in the query,
otherwise 512 is used.
If you want to do packet truncation yourself you should set Truncate=>0
and truncate the reply packet in the code of the ReplyHandler.
.SS "start_server"
.IX Subsection "start_server"
.Vb 1
\&    $ns\->start_server( <TIMEOUT_IN_SECONDS> );
.Ve
.PP
Starts a server process for each of the specified \s-1UDP\s0 and \s-1TCP\s0 sockets
which continuously responds to user connections.
.PP
The timeout parameter specifies the time the server is to remain active.
If called with no parameter a default timeout of 10 minutes is applied.
.SS "stop_server"
.IX Subsection "stop_server"
.Vb 1
\&    $ns\->stop_server();
.Ve
.PP
Terminates all server processes in an orderly fashion.
.SH "EXAMPLES"
.IX Header "EXAMPLES"
.SS "Example 1: Test script with embedded nameserver"
.IX Subsection "Example 1: Test script with embedded nameserver"
The following example is a self-contained test script which queries \s-1DNS\s0
zonefile data served by an embedded Net::DNS::Nameserver instance.
.PP
.Vb 3
\&    use strict;
\&    use warnings;
\&    use Test::More;
\&
\&    plan skip_all => \*(AqNet::DNS::Nameserver not available\*(Aq
\&                unless eval { require Net::DNS::Nameserver }
\&                and Net::DNS::Nameserver\->can(\*(Aqstart_server\*(Aq);
\&    plan tests => 2;
\&
\&    my $resolver = Net::DNS::Resolver\->new(
\&        nameserver => [\*(Aq::1\*(Aq, \*(Aq127.0.0.1\*(Aq],
\&        port       => 15353
\&        );
\& 
\&    my $ns = Net::DNS::Nameserver\->new(
\&        LocalAddr => [$resolver\->nameserver],
\&        LocalPort => $resolver\->port,
\&        Verbose   => 0,
\&        ZoneFile  => \e*DATA
\&        )
\&                || die "couldn\*(Aqt create nameserver object";
\&
\&    $ns\->start_server(10);
\&
\&    my $reply = $resolver\->send(qw(example.com SOA));
\&    is( ref($reply), \*(AqNet::DNS::Packet\*(Aq, \*(Aqreceived reply packet\*(Aq );
\&    my ($rr) = $reply\->answer;
\&    is( $rr\->type, \*(AqSOA\*(Aq, \*(Aqanswer contains SOA record\*(Aq );
\&
\&    $ns\->stop_server();
\&
\&    exit;
\&
\&    _\|_DATA_\|_
\&    $ORIGIN example.com.
\&    @   IN SOA  mname rname 2023 2h 1h 2w 1h
\&    www IN A    93.184.216.34
.Ve
.SS "Example 2: Free-standing customised \s-1DNS\s0 nameserver"
.IX Subsection "Example 2: Free-standing customised DNS nameserver"
The following example will listen on port 15353 and respond to all queries
for A records with the \s-1IP\s0 address 10.1.2.3.  All other queries will be
answered with \s-1NXDOMAIN.\s0	 Authority and additional sections are left empty.
The \f(CW$peerhost\fR variable catches the \s-1IP\s0 address of the peer host, so that
additional filtering on a per-host basis may be applied.
.PP
.Vb 3
\&    use strict;
\&    use warnings;
\&    use Net::DNS::Nameserver;
\&
\&    sub reply_handler {
\&        my ( $qname, $qclass, $qtype, $peerhost, $query, $conn ) = @_;
\&        my ( $rcode, @ans, @auth, @add );
\&
\&        print "Received query from $peerhost to " . $conn\->{sockhost} . "\en";
\&        $query\->print;
\&
\&        if ( $qtype eq "A" && $qname eq "foo.example.com" ) {
\&                my ( $ttl, $rdata ) = ( 3600, "10.1.2.3" );
\&                my $rr = Net::DNS::RR\->new("$qname $ttl $qclass $qtype $rdata");
\&                push @ans, $rr;
\&                $rcode = "NOERROR";
\&        } elsif ( $qname eq "foo.example.com" ) {
\&                $rcode = "NOERROR";
\&
\&        } else {
\&                $rcode = "NXDOMAIN";
\&        }
\&
\&        # mark the answer as authoritative (by setting the \*(Aqaa\*(Aq flag)
\&        my $headermask = {aa => 1};
\&
\&        # specify EDNS options  { option => value }
\&        my $optionmask = {};
\&
\&        return ( $rcode, \e@ans, \e@auth, \e@add, $headermask, $optionmask );
\&    }
\&
\&    my $ns = Net::DNS::Nameserver\->new(
\&        LocalPort    => 15353,
\&        ReplyHandler => \e&reply_handler,
\&        Verbose      => 1
\&        ) or die "couldn\*(Aqt create nameserver object";
\&
\&    $ns\->start_server(60);
\&
\&    exit;       # leaving nameserver processes running
.Ve
.SH "BUGS"
.IX Header "BUGS"
Limitations in perl make it impossible to guarantee that replies to \s-1UDP\s0
queries from Net::DNS::Nameserver are sent from the IP-address to which
the query was directed, the source address being chosen by the operating
system based upon its notion of \*(L"closest address\*(R". This limitation is
mitigated by creating a separate set of sockets and server subprocesses
bound to each \s-1IP\s0 address.
.SH "COPYRIGHT"
.IX Header "COPYRIGHT"
Copyright (c)2000 Michael Fuhr.
.PP
Portions Copyright (c)2002\-2004 Chris Reinhardt.
.PP
Portions Copyright (c)2005 Robert Martin-Legene.
.PP
Portions Copyright (c)2005\-2009 O.M.Kolkman, \s-1RIPE NCC.\s0
.PP
Portions Copyright (c)2017\-2024 R.W.Franks.
.PP
All rights reserved.
.SH "LICENSE"
.IX Header "LICENSE"
Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its
documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted, provided
that the original copyright notices appear in all copies and that both
copyright notice and this permission notice appear in supporting
documentation, and that the name of the author not be used in advertising
or publicity pertaining to distribution of the software without specific
prior written permission.
.PP
\&\s-1THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \*(L"AS IS\*(R", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.\s0
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.IX Header "SEE ALSO"
perl Net::DNS Net::DNS::Resolver Net::DNS::Packet
Net::DNS::Update Net::DNS::Header Net::DNS::Question
Net::DNS::RR
.PP
\&\s-1RFC1035\s0 <https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1035>
.PP
\&\s-1IANA DNS\s0 parameters <http://www.iana.org/assignments/dns-parameters>

3g86 2022